The
realisation of the gloomy aspect of prison life is vividly depicted in the
second part. The treadmill, with the prisoners at work upon it, a gang of
convicts picking oakum, a convict weaving at the loom with which he has been
supplied, and all the details of penal punishment, are here exhibited with
appalling minuteness. The great scene, however, in this part is that which
represents the corridors of the model prison, a singularly effective stage
arrangement, evidently copied from the Pentonville establishment, though the
locality is not identified. The receding passages, with the cells ranged along
them on each side, and illuminated by jets of gas, whilst huge iron winding
staircases communicate with the different stories, produces a marvellous
appearance of depth, and excites some wonder even in the minds of those most
familiar with the devices of theatrical mechanism, how so complicated a set' can
be presented in so short a time. The object of the novelist, it will be
remembered, was to reform the abuses of the 'solitary' and the 'silent' system,
which, under the sanction of ignorant and unfeeling officials, had at last grown
to a height that called forth the interference of the Home Secretary. The
atrocities perpetrated in the Birmingham Borough Gaol, as recorded in the 'Blue
Book,' which published the facts elicited during the Parliamentary
investigation, have long since ceased to exist, and it seemed therefore felt by
the audience, who saw them reenacted on the stage, that an unnecessary shock was
given to their feelings by forcing upon their notice the sight of brutalities
which made the heart sicken and the mind shudder to contemplate, even with the
knowledge that the barbarity was only assumed and the writhing of the tortured
victims merely simulated. Whether from the feeling that these thrilling examples
of bygone cruelty were simply brought forward to no more profitable purpose than
that of creating a stage 'sensation,' or that a strong objection to the
degradation of supernumeraries by compelling them to wear the felon's garb,
provoked remonstrances from playgoers of acute sensibility, may be left to
conjecture. Certain it is that a storm of indignation broke forth during the
last scene of the act, after some ominous premonitory mutterings that threatened
to bring the piece to a premature conclusion. Voices were heard from the stalls
loudly protesting against the representation as revolting,' and one of the
dissentients, whose excitement was stronger than his discretion, made himself so
conspicuous at the moment that he was readily identified as a well-known
dramatic critic [Guest Tomlins of The Morning Advertiser] who,
with other modes of expressing his opinion, might perhaps have more judiciously
reserved his utterances for the morning newspaper he represented. The clamour
thus raised compelled Mr. Vining to drop for a time his assumed character of Tom
Robinson and address the audience as follows:
'Ladies and Gentlemen, - With all due submission to public
opinion, permit me to call your attention to one fact, which appears to have
been overlooked. It has been acknowledged that the work from which this piece is
taken has done a great deal of good. We are not here representing a system as it
is, but the abuses of a system, and I may refer to the Blue Book - here a voice
from the pit shouted out 'we want no Blue-Books on the stage' - for the
truthfulness of these things. This question can be discussed elsewhere, and I
believe that I am not wrong in supposing the most of the dissentient persons
have not - Here the Manager paused significantly - 'Come in Free.'
The words had the effect, in some measure, of allaying the
turbulent spirit that had been aroused and the act-drop soon after fell amidst
applause. Several ladies in the stalls were much distressed during the
representation of some of the sterner examples of the 'Governor's' brutality and
the vindictive conduct of the hardened warders acting under his instructions,
and when the poor boy, Josephs, so pathetically personated by Miss Louise Moore,
was seen on the point of committing suicide by hanging, to escape the infliction
of further tortures, there was an indescribable thrill of horror running through
the whole body of spectators. It may be seriously doubted, however, whether the
retention of such a painful exhibition as that of the convicts undergoing severe
punishment is in accordance with managerial policy, and notwithstanding the
excessive outlay on this portion of the piece, there is every reason to believe
it might be omitted with every advantage to the Theatre and the public.
The Era, 8th October, 1863 (on 'Its Never Too Late to Mend')